Chapter 8

End-Game: Exit

Who loots first when the game ends.

A publisher offers $500M to acquire the studio. Payout time.

Preferred shareholders get their Liquidation Preference first - investors collect their original checks off the top.

What's left flows down to common shareholders: founders, the option pool, and anyone whose preferred elected to convert. The waterfall determines who actually walks away rich.

Loot Waterfall
Total exit€500M
Backers(Converts - pro rata is better)€150M · 30.0%
Founders€245M · 49.0%
Option Pool€105M · 21.0%
Compare scenarios
Small exit€150M
Investor€75M · 50%
Founders€75M · 50%

Investor does NOT convert - the preference is better.

Large exit€500M
Investor€200M · 40%
Founders€300M · 60%

Investor converts - pro rata is better.

The conversion point~€187.5M

Below 187M the investor takes the preference. Above 187M they convert. As a founder you want to exit as far above the conversion point as possible.

Boss Fight

Exit at $500M. Investors hold a 1x NON-PARTICIPATING preference on $75M invested and own 30% of common. Roughly, how much do they take?